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Gepps Cross (pronounced 'Jepps Cross') is a suburb and major road intersection in the north of Adelaide, South Australia. Gepps Cross is traditionally seen as the end of the inner suburbs and the start of the outer northern suburbs, as it was home to a major abattoir (now closed) with holding yards and other open space. It is the first significant open space encountered after the North Parklands. It retains the open nature, even with warehouses, a velodrome, hockey stadium, Adelaide Raiders – a Croatian soccer club and karate training facilities. Gepps Cross is best known for the five-way intersection with Grand Junction Road going east and west, Main North Road south and north-east, and Port Wakefield Road going north. The intersection is not grade-separated. It is controlled by traffic lights, and all five roads have at least three lanes in each direction. These roads include the main highways from Adelaide to Western Australia and the Northern Territory (via Port Wakefield Road), New South Wales (via Main North Road), the northern suburbs of Adelaide and the northern parts of South Australia (both roads). Port Adelaide is to the west, and the major freight hubs are northwest of Gepps Cross. A major route from Port Adelaide towards Victoria and the south and east of South Australia is east along Grand Junction Road then south along Portrush Road to the South Eastern Freeway. It was a holding place for people that came from England in 1952 from there they went interstate to find new homes. ==History== Gepp's Cross's nomenclature can be directly dated as March 1848 and attributed to Isaac Gepp opening an inn on the north eastern corner of land Section 360〔''The South Australian'' (Adelaide) Tuesday 26 May 1846, page 3〕 bordered to the north and east by Grand Junction Road and Main North Road. Isaac Gepp with his wife Ann and child arrived in the province on the ''Fairlie ''in July 1840.〔South Australian Passenger List, Shipping arrivals and Immigration 1803 to 1854, Barry Leadbeater〕 The child passenger was probably his nephew Henry Francis Gepp (), the natural born son of Thomas Gepp () and Ann Francis (). Gepp first worked as a water carrier and in 1845 he became the publican of the Windmill Inn on Great North Road near Adelaide.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Saturday 12 April 1845, page 1〕 In May 1846, Gepp gave notice of his application to licence a new public house called the Miller's Friend〔''The South Australian'' (Adelaide) Tuesday 26 May 1846, page 3〕 on land being Part Section 360 he had acquired from William Webber the previous year. The name Miller's Friend may be linked to the Ragless flour mill on land, Part Section 97, immediately north east of the junction and Gepp's new premises. Section 360 was originally occupied by James Pitcher about 1842 and he named the land Section ''Bushy Farm''.〔''Enfield and the Northern Villages'' – H John Lewis () ISBN 0 858640902, page 158; Adelaide Region, Stuart Nicol 1997, ISBN 0909697248, page 99〕 About the time Pitcher sold the north eastern corner to Webber, John Merritt, a farmer and copper carrier for the Burra Burra mine, acquired the southern forty acres of Section 360 with a cottage and used it as a residence, to farm and to keep his working bullocks.〔South Australian Old Systems land dealings Index references :- Part Section 360 Survey B 23/14; 32/14; 30/19 and 260/43〕 At the time of his licence application for the Miller's Friend, Gepp had contracted to sell his interest in the Windmill Inn to Robert Carter, the licence for which was transferred from Gepp to Carter in June 1846.〔''The South Australian'' (Adelaide) Tuesday 26 May 1846, page 3〕 Carter failed to stop Gepp's original application for the new licensed premises on Section 360; he claimed Gepp had contracted with him not to hold another licence in the neighbourhood.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Wednesday 10 June 1846, page 4〕 In March 1847 Gepp's publican's licence was renewed under the new name of the Miner's Arms.〔''The South Australian'' (Adelaide) Tuesday 9 March 1847, page 6〕 Before the licensing bench on 13 March 1848, Isaac Gepp nominated his premises to be the ‘Gepp's Cross’ Inn.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Wednesday 15 March 1848, page 3〕 Gepp leased his inn to Joseph Ladd in 1849 who continued to call it the Gepp's Cross Inn.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Saturday 14 April 1849, page3〕 Charles Matthews owned 13 acres of land, Part of Section 337, across the Main North Road from the Gepp's Cross Inn, on the south eastern corner of Gepp's Cross, where he operated a blacksmiths shop.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Wednesday 15 November 1848, page 2〕 In December 1848 Matthews applied for a publican's licence for the 'Blacksmiths Arms Hotel' on his premises, but Isaac Gepp objected on the grounds that two hotels being placed exactly opposite each other would probably cause the road to be obstructed by drays. The bench ruled that competition for custom would induce a disregard for order or public convenience and the application of Charles Matthews was refused.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Wednesday 13 December 1848, page 3〕 John Merritt who farmed next to the Gepp's Cross Inn and across the road from Matthew's blacksmith shop took out an option to purchase Matthews' 13 acre property. Merritt relinquished this option after he became publican of the Grand Junction Inn in 1851.〔South Australian Old Systems land dealings Index references:- 260/34 Part Section 337 Hundred of Yatala〕 In 1850 Isaac Gepp transferred his licence and lease of the Gepp's Cross Inn on land Section 360 to Charles Matthews.〔''The South Australian'' (Adelaide) Thursday 12 December 1850, page 4〕 In 1851 Matthews dropped the former licensee's name from the inn name and changed it to the Victoria Cross.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Tuesday 11 March 1851, page 3〕 It obviously didn’t sit well with the patrons who by then referred to the area around the inn as Gepp's Cross〔(known reported use ) ''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Wednesday 18 April 1849, page 3〕 and in all likelihood continued to call the inn by its colloquial name. Matthews reverted to the accepted name in 1852.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Tuesday 9 March 1852, page 3〕 Gepp sold his Part Section 360 to Charles Matthews in November 1854 for the sum of £900, with repayment set out in the terms of a mortgage and two lease payments of £50 per year each for inn and surrounding land until the purchase was complete.〔''The South Australian Advertiser'' (Adelaide) Wednesday 10 April 1861, page 3〕 Month's before he purchased the Gepp's Cross Inn and land Part Section 360 Charles Matthews had let the Inn run down. In March 1854 he was cautioned to keep his house in a proper state of cleanliness.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Friday 15 March 1854, page 3〕 By the end of 1858 Matthews was in financial difficulty and he sold one acre of his Part Section 360 bordering John Merritt's farm to the council, which wanted the land to erect a civic hall and stray animal pound.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Saturday 30 January 1858, page 3〕 Once built the hall was used as a council office and school until 1899 when it was used as a dwelling.〔''Enfield and the Northern Villages'' – H John Lewis () ISBN 0 858640902, page 80〕 In December 1859 Matthews transferred his licensed business across the Main North Road from land Section 360 to the premises on land Section 337 that in 1848 he had tried to open as the Blacksmith's Arms Hotel.〔''South Australian Weekly Chronicle'' (Adelaide) Saturday 17 December 1859, page 2s〕 Trade at the Gepp's Cross Inn on land Section 337 was poor and in April 1861 Charles Matthews was certified insolvent.〔''The South Australian Advertiser'' (Adelaide) Wednesday 10 April 1861, page 3〕 Matthews defaulted in his mortgage and lease payments to Isaac Gepp who seized the Inn and land on Section 360 and Matthews' premises on Section 337 that had been put up as collateral. Between 13 June 1861 and the first week in October 1861 there was no premises licensed at Gepp's Cross.〔''The South Australian Advertiser'' (Adelaide) Friday 13 September 1861, page 4; ''The South Australian Advertiser'' (Adelaide) Friday 13 September 1861, page 4〕 The Gepp's Cross Hotel license was reinstated to premises on Section 360 when Patrick Connaughty was granted a publican's licence for the inn who transferred it to George Eldridge in December 1861.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Tuesday 10 December 1861, page 3〕 The premises known as the Gepp's Cross Inn and Hotel has been licensed there continuously for over 150 years. The earliest newspaper record known of Gepp's Cross being apparently accepted into colloquial speech as a location name, without reference to the inn of that name was in April 1849, one year after Isaac Gepp named his ‘Gepp's Cross’ Inn. In a court case Dr Mayo in evidence referred to the mill at Gepp's Cross and John Harris gave his address as Gepp's Cross.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Wednesday 18 April 1849, page 3〕 In the same month William Raines, a butcher, baker and storekeeper, advertised he would supply customers at their residences at Gepp's Cross.〔''South Australian Register'' (Adelaide) Saturday 21 April 1849, page 1〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gepps Cross, South Australia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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